Official Symbol GHRHprovided by HGNC Official Full Name growth hormone releasing hormoneprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:4265 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000118702 MIM:139190; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4265 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as GRF; INN; GHRF Summary This gene encodes a member of the glucagon family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is produced in the hypothalamus and cleaved to generate the mature factor, known as somatoliberin, which acts to stimulate growth hormone release from the pituitary gland. Variant receptors for somatoliberin have been found in several types of tumors, and antagonists of these receptors can inhibit the growth of the tumors. Defects in this gene are a cause of dwarfism, while hypersecretion of the encoded protein is a cause of gigantism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016] Expression Low expression observed in reference dataset See more Orthologs all Try the new Gene page Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
Location: 20q11.23
Exon count: 5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 20 NC_000020.11 (37251086..37261814, complement) RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 20 NC_060944.1 (38975156..38985884, complement) RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 20 NC_000020.10 (35879489..35890217, complement)
Chromosome 20 - NC_000020.11
Genomic Sequence:
Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA BioProject: PRJNA270632 Publication: PMID 26076956 Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018
Related articles in PubMed
Total DNA synthesis and cloning in Escherichia coli of a gene coding for the human growth hormone releasing factor. Cravador A, et al. Biochimie, 1985 Jul-Aug. PMID 3002494 Effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone and its agonistic and antagonistic analogs in cancer and non-cancerous cell lines. Barabutis N, et al. Int J Oncol, 2010 May. PMID 20372804 A correlation of endocrine and anticancer effects of some antagonists of GHRH. Kovács M, et al. Peptides, 2010 Oct. PMID 20633588 Distribution and morphology of the juxtapositions between growth hormone-releasing hormone-(ghrh)-immunoreactive neuronal elements. Anderson D, et al. Growth Horm IGF Res, 2010 Oct. PMID 20673733 Difference in growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) testing following GHRH subacute treatment in normal aging and growth hormone-deficient adults: possible perspectives for therapeutic use of GHRH or its analogs in elderly subjects? Iovino M, et al. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol, 2011 Jun. PMID 20843274
See all (81) citations in PubMed
GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions
What's a GeneRIF?
Expression of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Its Receptor Splice Variants in Primary Human Endometrial Carcinomas: Novel Therapeutic Approaches.
Title: Expression of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Its Receptor Splice Variants in Primary Human Endometrial Carcinomas: Novel Therapeutic Approaches. A comprehensive contribution of genetic variations of the insulin-like growth factor 1 signalling pathway to stroke susceptibility.
Title: A comprehensive contribution of genetic variations of the insulin-like growth factor 1 signalling pathway to stroke susceptibility. Structural basis for activation of the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor.
Title: Structural basis for activation of the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor. Study in Han Chinese population revealed that rs3755792 and rs7624906 variants at SST in smoking population and rs3755792 in drinking population presented significant association with hypertension incidence. rs6032470 at GHRH had a statistical association with ischemic stroke incidence in smoking population.
Title: Common variants at somatostatin are significantly associated with hypertension incidence in smoking and drinking populations. GHRH expression was significantly increased in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Coimmunoprecipitation confirmed that GHRH interacted with GABAAalpha1 and GABAAbeta2 + 3. GHRH may play an important role in inhibiting seizures by activating GABAARs.
Title: Interactions between GHRH and GABAARs in the brains of patients with epilepsy and in animal models of epilepsy. P53 can suppress inflammation in a plethora of human tissues. Growth Hormone - Releasing Hormone is a hypothalamic peptide with a great capacity to affect the complex networks of cellular regulation via GHRH - specific receptors. GHRH antagonistic and agonistic analogs have been developed for clinical applications
Title: P53, GHRH, inflammation and cancer. c.57+1G>A mutation in the GHRH receptor gene is associated with severe and congenital isolated GH deficiency.
Title: Occurrence of neoplasms in individuals with congenital, severe GH deficiency from the Itabaianinha kindred. GHRH and GHRH-R are expressed in human adipocytes and are negatively associated; GHRH at low doses may exert an anti-obesity effect by inhibiting HMSC differentiation in adipocytes and by increasing adipocyte lipolysis in an autocrine or paracrine pathway; these effects are mediated by GH and GH-R
Title: Growth hormone-releasing hormone is produced by adipocytes and regulates lipolysis through growth hormone receptor. GHRH stimulates a ligand-independent activation of EGFR involving at least cAMP/PKA and Src family signaling pathways
Title: Growth hormone-releasing hormone induced transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor in human triple-negative breast cancer cells. GHRH analogs of the Miami series powerfully suppress tumor growth, but have only a weak endocrine GH inhibitory activity. The suppression of tumor growth could be induced in part by the downregulation of
Title: Synthesis and structure-activity studies on novel analogs of human growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) with enhanced inhibitory activities on tumor growth.
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
Markers
RH71427 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:12605
RH71010 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:30387
NoName (e-PCR)
UniSTS:484032
NoName (e-PCR)
UniSTS:480489
G66937 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:167663
G66938 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:167664
G66939 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:167665
G66940 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:167666
Preferred Names somatoliberin
Names growth hormone releasing factor sermorelin somatocrinin somatorelin