Executive Summary
was by AA Shaimardanova·2019·Cited by 63—This review discusses the mechanisms of IRES-based and 2Apeptide-based protein synthesis and their features and compares themwitheach other. The perspectives
The field of therapeutic peptides has seen remarkable growth, with recent research increasingly highlighting the significant advantages of treatments using both peptides in combination. This approach, often referred to as peptide stacking, leverages the unique properties of different peptides to achieve enhanced therapeutic outcomes that surpass those of single-peptide interventions. The exploration of peptide-based therapeutics is not new, with historical applications dating back to the early 20th century, such as insulin's revolutionary impact on diabetes treatment. Today, peptides are recognized for their diverse biological roles and are being developed for a wide range of pathologies, including microbial infections, obesity, and cancer, positioning them as emerging anti-cancer agents.
The efficacy of treatments using both peptides were compared to single peptide treatments in various studies. For instance, in the context of combating microbial biofilms, a significant challenge in modern medicine, antibiofilm peptides are being investigated for their ability to overcome biofilm-related treatment failure. Host defense peptides (HDPs), which are small cationic peptides integral to the innate immune system, can both directly kill microbes and modulate the host response. When peptides are used in combination, they can exhibit additive or even synergistic effects, meaning their combined impact is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is exemplified by scenarios where peptides used in combination reduce toxin secretion more effectively than either peptide used alone.
The versatility of peptides extends to numerous therapeutic areas. Research has demonstrated their application in urology, respiratory conditions, pain management, oncology, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. The broad-spectrum activity of certain peptides, such as the lysin-derived cationic peptide PaP1, shows potent in vitro bactericidal activity against a wide array of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Furthermore, antimicrobial peptides are showing promise in photodynamic therapy, where a cationic antimicrobial peptide like UBI29-41 specifically targets bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the surface of bacteria, inhibiting key signaling pathways. This targeted approach also aids in making drug-resistant bacteria sensitive to traditional antibiotics when used together.
Beyond infectious diseases, peptides play a crucial role in fundamental physiological processes and are essential for many biochemical reactions. They act as signaling molecules, binding to specific cells and transmitting messages that can regulate growth, healing, and metabolism. This inherent signaling capability makes peptides valuable in conditions like peptide therapy for inflammation and in anti-aging applications, particularly for skin rejuvenation. The development of peptide-based vaccines in conjunction with anticancer medications has also shown promise in late-stage cancers, although peptide-based vaccine monotherapy has primarily been explored in earlier stages.
The exploration of treatments using both peptides were also extends to overcoming critical challenges in drug development. While peptide-based therapeutics offer advantages such as ease and rapid synthesis, issues like in vivo degradation and delivery remain areas of active research. Strategies are being developed to enhance their stability and efficacy, ensuring they can effectively reach their targets and exert their therapeutic effects. The potential of peptoids, which are structural analogs of peptides, is also being realized, with these compounds showing potential for a new class of antiviral drugs capable of treating various infections.
In summary, the field of peptide therapeutics is dynamic and rapidly evolving. The understanding that treatments using both peptides were often more effective than single-agent approaches is driving innovation. From combating resistant bacterial strains and biofilms to modulating immune responses and signaling pathways, peptides offer a powerful and versatile platform for developing novel therapies. As research continues, we can anticipate even more groundbreaking applications of peptides in addressing a wide spectrum of human diseases.
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by Y Tasdemiroglu·2022·Cited by 35—Therapeuticpeptides have beenused in clinic totreatvarious diseases, including type 1 and 2 diabetes, cancer, and MS (Craik et al., 2013;
by M Di Luca·2014·Cited by 145—This review presents a survey of antimicrobialpeptidesemployed in fighting microbial biofilms, in connectionwith bothprophylactic and therapeutic strategies
Usinga murine needle scratch skin wound model, affectingboththe stratum corneum and epidermis, itwasdemonstrated thattreatment with0.2% RP557 in 2%.
Best Peptides for Anti-Aging: Top Peptides for Wrinkles and Skin
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