Official Symbol IGF1provided by HGNC Official Full Name insulin like growth factor 1provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:5464 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000017427 MIM:147440; AllianceGenome:HGNC:5464 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as IGF; MGF; IGFI; IGF-I Summary The protein encoded by this gene is similar to insulin in function and structure and is a member of a family of proteins involved in mediating growth and development. The encoded protein is processed from a precursor, bound by a specific receptor, and secreted. Defects in this gene are a cause of insulin-like growth factor I deficiency. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms that may undergo similar processing to generate mature protein. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015] Expression Broad expression in endometrium (RPKM 7.0), fat (RPKM 6.3) and 18 other tissues See more Orthologs all Try the new Gene page Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
Location: 12q23.2
Exon count: 7
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (102395874..102481839, complement) RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (102357015..102443074, complement) RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (102789652..102875525, complement)
Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12
Genomic Sequence:
Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA BioProject: PRJNA270632 Publication: PMID 26076956 Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018
Related articles in PubMed
Plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and insulin-like growth factor I levels in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Makino S, et al. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2012 Apr. PMID 21951159 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with low circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I. Arturi F, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2011 Oct. PMID 21816784 Serum insulin-like growth factor-I is negatively associated with serum adiponectin in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Kanazawa I, et al. Growth Horm IGF Res, 2011 Oct. PMID 21839662 Liver-spleen axis, insulin-like growth factor-(IGF)-I axis and fat mass in overweight/obese females. Savastano S, et al. J Transl Med, 2011 Aug 16. PMID 21846339, Free PMC Article Association between insulin-like growth factor-1 polymorphisms and stomach cancer risk in a Japanese population. Ennishi D, et al. Cancer Sci, 2011 Dec. PMID 21854509, Free PMC Article
See all (2076) citations in PubMed
GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions
What's a GeneRIF?
Characterisation of IGF-1 (rs7136446) and IL-6 (rs1800795) polymorphisms among breast cancer patients in western Algeria.
Title: Characterisation of IGF-1 (rs7136446) and IL-6 (rs1800795) polymorphisms among breast cancer patients in western Algeria. GH and IGF-1 in skin interstitial fluid and blood are associated with heat loss responses in exercising young adults.
Title: GH and IGF-1 in skin interstitial fluid and blood are associated with heat loss responses in exercising young adults. Analysis of VEGF, IGF1/2 and the Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 Expression in Polish Women with Endometriosis.
Title: Analysis of VEGF, IGF1/2 and the Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 Expression in Polish Women with Endometriosis. When IGF-1 Meets Metabolic Inflammation and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Title: When IGF-1 Meets Metabolic Inflammation and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Short communication: TNF-alpha and IGF-1 regulates epigenetic mechanisms of HDAC2 and HDAC10.
Title: Short communication: TNF-α and IGF-1 regulates epigenetic mechanisms of HDAC2 and HDAC10. IGF1 promotes human myotube differentiation toward a mature metabolic and contractile phenotype.
Title: IGF1 promotes human myotube differentiation toward a mature metabolic and contractile phenotype. The role and mechanism of action of miR-483-3p in mediating the effects of IGF-1 on human renal tubular epithelial cells induced by high glucose.
Title: The role and mechanism of action of miR-483-3p in mediating the effects of IGF-1 on human renal tubular epithelial cells induced by high glucose. Detection rate of IGF-1 variants and their implication to protein binding: study of over 240,000 patients.
Title: Detection rate of IGF-1 variants and their implication to protein binding: study of over 240,000 patients. Compression Promotes the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Regulating METTL14-mediated IGF1.
Title: Compression Promotes the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Regulating METTL14-mediated IGF1. CircUTRN24/miR-483-3p/IGF-1 Regulates Autophagy Mediated Liver Fibrosis in Biliary Atresia.
Title: CircUTRN24/miR-483-3p/IGF-1 Regulates Autophagy Mediated Liver Fibrosis in Biliary Atresia.
Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)
Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI
EBI GWAS Catalog
Description A genome-wide approach accounting for body mass index identifies genetic variants influencing fasting glycemic traits and insulin resistance. A genome-wide association study in 19 633 Japanese subjects identified LHX3-QSOX2 and IGF1 as adult height loci. Genome-wide association analyses suggest NELL1 influences adverse metabolic response to HCTZ in African Americans. Genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci associated with both mammographic density and breast cancer risk. Identification of 15 loci influencing height in a Korean population. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of adult height in East Asians identifies 17 novel loci. New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk.
Protein interactions
Protein Gene Interaction Pubs Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and erythropoietin treatment protect against HIV/gp120-mediated neuronal damage in culture and in vivo, in part, through cooperative activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/GSK-3beta signaling PubMed env The fusion of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF I) with stromal cell-derived factor I or alpha1 proteinase inhibitor has the capacity to compete with the binding of HIV-1 gp120 to CD4 receptor PubMed Tat tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates several anti-apoptotic genes, including AKT-1, AKT-2, BCL2, BCL-XL, and insulin-like growth factor I in vincristine-treated Kaposi's sarcoma cells PubMed tat Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) inhibits HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter PubMed
Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
Markers
RH77802 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:17665
D12S1962 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:18699
IGF1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
UniSTS:49688
D12S2023 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:7967
G10727 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:31781
D12S1103 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:52274
WI-21639 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:7237
D12S1074 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:42570
NoName (e-PCR)
UniSTS:482382
A009K41 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:40791
WI-18971 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:71779
Igf1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
UniSTS:143467
IGF1_1346 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:277356
GDB:181478 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:155246
RH18058 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:3990
GDB:384821 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:157100
Igf1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
UniSTS:516546
G32627 (e-PCR)
UniSTS:117210
Preferred Names insulin-like growth factor 1
Names insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C) insulin-like growth factor I insulin-like growth factor IB mechano growth factor somatomedin-C
NEW Try the new Transcript table
RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes
These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain
These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.
Genomic
NG_011713.1 RefSeqGene
Range 5038..89727 Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
mRNA and Protein(s)
NM_000618.5 → NP_000609.1 insulin-like growth factor 1 isoform 4 preproprotein
See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000609.1
Status: REVIEWED
Description Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an alternate frame-shifting exon in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a protein (isoform 4) with a novel C-terminus, compared to isoform 1. This isoform is also known as IA. Variants 4 and 7 both encode the same isoform (4). Source sequence(s) AB209184, AC010202 Consensus CDS CCDS9091.1 UniProtKB/TrEMBL A0ACI8R2M6, Q5U743 Related ENSP00000337612.7, ENST00000337514.11 Conserved Domains (1) summary
cd04368 Location:49 → 116 IlGF; insulin_like growth factors; specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as growth, differentiation, and reproduction. On a ...
NM_001111283.3 → NP_001104753.1 insulin-like growth factor 1 isoform 1 preproprotein
See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001104753.1
Status: REVIEWED
Description Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1). This isoform is also known as IC. Source sequence(s) AC010202, AL603526, U40870 Consensus CDS CCDS44961.1 UniProtKB/TrEMBL Q13429 Related ENSP00000376638.3, ENST00000392905.7 Conserved Domains (1) summary
cd04368 Location:49 → 116 IlGF; insulin_like growth factors; specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as growth, differentiation, and reproduction. On a ...
NM_001111284.2 → NP_001104754.1 insulin-like growth factor 1 isoform 2 precursor
See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001104754.1
Status: REVIEWED
Description Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and has multiple coding region differences, compared to variant 1. These differences cause translation initiation from a distinct start codon and result in an isoform (2) with novel N- and C-termini, compared to isoform 1. This isoform is also known as IIA. This isoform (2) may undergo proteolytic processing similar to isoform 1. Source sequence(s) AC010202, M37484 Consensus CDS CCDS44960.1 UniProtKB/TrEMBL A0ACI8R2M6 Related ENSP00000416811.2, ENST00000424202.6 Conserved Domains (1) summary
cd04368 Location:33 → 100 IlGF; insulin_like growth factors; specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as growth, differentiation, and reproduction. On a ...
NM_001111285.3 → NP_001104755.1 insulin-like growth factor 1 isoform 3 preproprotein
See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001104755.1
Status: REVIEWED
Description Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant 1, resulting in a protein (isoform 3) with a novel C-terminus, compared to isoform 1. This isoform is also known as IB. Variants 3 and 5 both encode the same isoform (3). Source sequence(s) AC010202, CA445905, X56774 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot B2RWM7, E9PD02, P01343, P05019, Q14620 Related ENSP00000302665.8, ENST00000307046.8 Conserved Domains (1) summary
cd04368 Location:49 → 116 IlGF; IlGF, insulin_like growth factors; specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as growth, differentiation, and reproduction. On ...
NM_001414005.1 → NP_001400934.1 insulin-like growth factor 1 isoform 3 preproprotein
Status: REVIEWED
Source sequence(s) AC010202 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot B2RWM7, E9PD02, P01343, P05019, Q14620
NM_001414006.1 → NP_001400935.1 insulin-like growth factor 1 isoform 5 precursor
Status: REVIEWED
Source sequence(s) AC010202
NM_001414007.1 → NP_001400936.1 insulin-like growth factor 1 isoform 4 preproprotein
Status: REVIEWED
Source sequence(s) AC010202 UniProtKB/TrEMBL A0ACI8R2M6, Q5U743 Related ENSP00000494228.1, ENST00000644491.1
RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08