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IGF1 INFORMATION Proteini Insulin like growth factor 1 Gene namei IGF1 (IGF, IGF-I, IGF1A, IGFI) Protein classi Disease related genes Human disease related genes Plasma proteins RAS pathway related proteins Protein evidence Evidence at protein level (all genes) Number of transcriptsi 6 Protein interactions Interacting with 1 protein
PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND LOCALIZATION Tissue profilei Positivity in plasma in all tissues. Tissue specificity (MS) Not detected Cell type specificity (DVP) Not detected Subcellular locationi Not available Predicted locationi Secreted Extracellular locationi Secreted to blood
TISSUE RNA EXPRESSION Tissue specificityi Low tissue specificity Tissue expression clusteri Smooth muscle tissue - ECM organization (mainly) Brain specificityi Low human brain regional specificity Brain expression clusteri Neurons - Mixed function (mainly)
CELL TYPE RNA EXPRESSION Single cell type specificityi Cell type enhanced (Endometrial stromal cells, Leydig cells, Decidual stromal cells, Respiratory ionocytes, Fibroblasts, Adipocytes, Hofbauer cells, Hepatocytes, Peritubular myoid cells, Retinal bipolar cells) Single cell type expression clusteri Fibroblasts - ECM organization (mainly) Tissue cell type classificationi Cell type enriched (Lung - Fibroblasts_2, Prostate - Fibroblasts, Stomach - Fibroblasts) Immune cell specificityi Immune cell enhanced (naive B-cell) Immune cell expression clusteri B-cells - Immunoglobulins (mainly)
CANCER & CELL LINES Prognostic summary IGF1 is a prognostic marker in Liver hepatocellular carcinoma Cancer specificityi Low cancer specificity Cell line expression clusteri Myeloma - Immunoglobulins (mainly) Cell line specificityi Group enriched (Bone cancer, Myeloma)
PROTEINS IN BLOOD Secretome annotationi Secreted to blood Detected in blood by immunoassayi Yes Detected in blood by mass spectrometryi Yes Proximity extension assayi Not available SomaScani Data available
PROTEIN FUNCTION Protein function (UniProt)i The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]- 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation 1, 2. Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of IGF1 is required for sensory perception of smell in the olfactory bulb (By similarity). Acts as a ligand for IGF1R. Binds to the alpha subunit of IGF1R, leading to the activation of the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity which autophosphorylates tyrosine residues in the beta subunit thus initiating a cascade of down-stream signaling events leading to activation of the PI3K-AKT/PKB and the Ras-MAPK pathways. Binds to integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA6:ITGB4. Its binding to integrins and subsequent ternary complex formation with integrins and IGFR1 are essential for IGF1 signaling. Induces the phosphorylation and activation of IGFR1, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK1/ERK2 and AKT1 3, 4, 5, 6. As part of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, acts as a negative regulator of apoptosis in cardiomyocytes via promotion of STUB1/CHIP-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of ICER-type isoforms of CREM (By similarity).... show less Molecular function (UniProt)i Growth factor Gene summary (Entrez)i The protein encoded by this gene is similar to insulin in function and structure and is a member of a family of proteins involved in mediating growth and development. The encoded protein is processed from a precursor, bound by a specific receptor, and secreted. Defects in this gene are a cause of insulin-like growth factor I deficiency. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms that may undergo similar processing to generate mature protein. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]... show less